The Historical Paradigm Shift in Cholecystectomy: A Comparative Evaluation of Surgical Trauma, Infection Rates, Operative Efficiency, and Recovery Kinetics Across Conventional, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Eras

  • Mabroukh Salim Mohamed Omraan Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Higher Institute of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Bani Walid ORCID
  • Abduladim Sakeb Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Higher Institute of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Bani Walid ORCID
DOI https://doi.org/10.64943/esjti2026.020104
Published: 2026-03-10
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Abstract

The use of surgical management of symptomatic cholelithiasis and acute cholecystitis has experienced one of the most radical changes in technology in the history of modern medicine. Since the first effective open cholecystectomy in 1882 done by Carl Langenbuch up until the late 1980s development of the 4-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy and today with robotic-assisted surgical platforms, there has been a continuous push in surgery with biliary surgery leading the pack to reduce surgical trauma. This comparative analysis will look at shifting history of four different eras in the surgical field Open Cholecystectomy (OC), Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC), Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS), and Robotic-Assisted Cholecystectomy (RAC). This study reveals the influence the use of minimally invasive methods has had on turning a high-morbidity inpatient surgery into an outpatient standard of care by assessing key clinical outcomes, such as rates of surgical site infection (SSI), length of surgical period, systemic inflammatory cytokine cascade, postoperative pain, length of hospital stay (LOS), and bile duct injury (BDI).

Keywords: Cholecystectomy Historical paradigm shift Conventional surgery Laparoscopic surgery Infection rates

How to Cite

Salim Mohamed Omraan, M., & Sakeb, A. . (2026). The Historical Paradigm Shift in Cholecystectomy: A Comparative Evaluation of Surgical Trauma, Infection Rates, Operative Efficiency, and Recovery Kinetics Across Conventional, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Eras. EuroScience Journal of Technological Innovation (ESJTI) , 2(1), 23-27. https://doi.org/10.64943/esjti2026.020104

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Volume 2, No 1, 2026

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Copyright (c) 2026 Mabroukh Salim Mohamed Omraan, Abduladim Sakeb (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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