SALIM MOHAMED OMRAAN, Mabroukh; SAKEB, Abduladim; A. ALCHALABY, Loay; P. BAHNAM, Safaa. The Epistemological and Therapeutic Shift from Synthetic Pharmaceuticals to Phytomedicine and Alternative Therapies: A Comparative Analysis of Physiological Mechanisms, Clinical Efficacy, Environmental Impacts, and Molecular Pathways. EuroScience Journal of Technological Innovation (ESJTI) , Libya, p. 10–17, 2026. DOI: 10.64943/esjti2026.020203. Disponível em: https://easrjournals.com/index.php/esjti/article/view/118. Acesso em: 20 sep. 2026.