The impact of climate change on the sustainability of water resources in Nigeria: An analytical study of the challenges and possible solutions

This study concludes that Nigeria faces a dual and complex water crisis due to climate change. Warming and erratic rainfall have caused a sharp decline in water levels in the north (Lake Chad has shrunk by 90%) and a drop in groundwater levels in states such as Kano and Borno. Meanwhile, rising sea levels and extreme flooding in the south threaten to salinize and pollute aquifers. This hydrological imbalance has led to a 20% decrease in the flow of the Niger and Benue rivers, causing economic crises related to food security and energy production, as well as social conflicts over water resources. The study recommends adopting water harvesting technologies and digital basin management to ensure the sustainability of water resources in an unstable climate.